Tourniquet



Nam v5 W23. 1,473,041

A. E. HENDERSON TOURNIQUET Original ed July 12, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R AWBAMR Nov. 6, 3923.

A. E. HENDERSON TOURNIQUET Original Filed' July 12 1.920

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEHTOQ Patented Nov. 6,1923.

PATENT ALBERT ENNIS HENDERSON, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

'rounnreonr.

Application filed July 12, 1920, Serial No. 395,722. Renewed March 30, 1923.

I'o (ZZZ whomz't may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT ENNIS HunnERsoN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in Toronto, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tourniquets; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact de scription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The object of the invention is to provide a tourniquet for emergency, field, hospital and and private use and general adaptability underv conditions requiring or indicating the necessity of its application to a member,such as the arm, leg, or finger by the patient or injured person or by an unskilled attendant or assistant, such application being made quickly and efiectively, with a graduated or variable pressure or stress of compression and with reliable means of fastening, suited to the demands of the particular case, and capable of maintaining the position of the elements and the degree of pressure indefinitely.

A. further object is to provide a device of this type which is of simple and relatively inexpensive c mstruction, and which is light and durable, is not affected by moisture, and may be packed in compact form, so that it may be readily carried in a handbag, kit, first aid case or in the vest or watch pocket.

1% further object is to provide a device of this type adapted to cause direct bar pressure on more than one artery or vein and to vary the relation of the pressure points to each other as may be desired.

A further object is to provide a device of such proportions, form, and adaptability that it may readily be applied to any member of the body with equal facility and efliciency without multiplying sizes.

A further object is to provide a device of this type which may be readily disinfected and repeatedly used without danger to the patient.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1. is a perspective view showing the preferred form of tourniquet in process of being placed in position on the wrist.

Fig. 2. shows the invention applied. having the pressure bars in position on the arteries of the member, under compression and having the fastening device in position.

Fig. 3. is an edge view of the preferred form of the invention showing the relation of the embedded fabric strips, the fastening the median slots, and showing the relative position of the hook, the slots and the cross iinbedded fabric in their unstretched condition. I

Fig. 5. is a vertical section longitudinally through a modified form of the device shown in Fig. 3. in which only one pressure bar is shown. v

Fig. 6. is a top plan view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7. is a top plan view of Figs. 4 and 6. in extended or stretched condition, disclosing the form of the median slot under tension.

Fig. 8. is asectional elevation of the terminal portion of the device which receives the fastening hook, showing the hook in the first stage of insertion. r

Fig. 9. is the same view as Fig. 8. with the insertion of the hook advanced a further stage. 7

Fig. 10 shows the same section with the hook fully inserted in operative position.

Fig. 10 shows a plan view with a modified form of pressure bar in position. 7

Fig. 11. is a perspective view of the hook or fastening member as used in Figs. 1 to 10.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a removable combined hook and pressure bar.

Fig. 12 illustrates the first stage of the insertion of the combined hook and pressure bar shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 13. shows the hook and pressure bar shown in Fig. 12 in its operative position, in the terminal of the device.

Fig. 14. is a top plan of the terminal portion showing the hook in position. i

Fig. 15. is a top plan view of the device having a fixed hook attached and provided with a secondary slidable and detachable pressure bar. I

Fig. 16. is an edge view of the device shown in Fig. 15.

Figs. 17, 18, and 19. show the details ofthe book as used in Figs. 15. and 16.

Figs. 20, 21, 22, and 23, show the details of the construction of the slidable secondary bar shown in Figs. 15. and 16.

Figs. 2a, 25, and 26. show details of a modification ofthe combined hook and pres- Elf) sure bar adapted to be removably applied to the device shown inthe modified form in Fig. 27.

' Essentially the tourniquet consists of a flexible and contractile band or strap of rubber, adapted to be wrapped one two or vmore times about a member of the body, in

which it is' desired to check the flow of blood, such wrapping 7 being accomplished while the band or strap is under tensionor stretched, and the band being provided with means for'applying a concentrated or localized pressure, as upon an artery or vein and having terminal, or. both terminal and intermediate, fastening members ofcomplemen tary construction, whereby a comparatively light or moderate pressure, or a relatively heavy or cumulative pressure may be held,

and, eitherdi-minished or increased at will. The contractile energy of rubber is well known, and by utilizing this property, as.

through applying a plurality of, superposed wraps orlayers of a single band or strap it is possible to multiply the compression on the limb or member, or the-pressure upon a small area,to an almost unlimited extent without straining the band beyond its safe limit of elasticity and hence-without detracting from the efficiency orafl'ecting the durability thereof.

In the illustrated embodiment of the device, the band 1 is shown provided with fabric reinforcements 2 and 2- of sea'island cotton or the like which may be embedded as shown, both terminally and at one or.

more intermediate points. The terminal re inforcements strengthen the" band at these points, -and form relatively inelastic grips or'finger holds and prevent tearing in the operation of the device, and moreover these reinforced area-serve to, carry complementary fasteningmembers such as the book 5.

' Toi permit .of the superposition 'insubstan tially. coextensive relation, of. successive Wraps of the band, and at the same time. maintain the exposure oftheprojecting portion 11. of the fastening member'5. carried" bygthe end of the first .orunderwrap, the" body of the band isprovidedywith median openings preferably in the form of longitudinal slotsor slits ttwhich extend between the fabric reinforcements; 2, 2 and (2, 2) and project into the edges thereof as shown at 7 and-divides the band in width to form parallel co-operative elements 1 1 p and 14 adaptedto lie on opposite sides of 1 the said fastening member. 7

The intermediate fabric insertions 2, 2. are adapted to engage the projecting portion 11 of the book 5. and thus provide means for securing and maintaining one, two or more-wraps, less than the total number whichcan be formed. by the band. As the 'band is wrapped around a limb of the patient, the tension of the first wrap may be use only one hand in the operation.

proper parallel'relations, both when not in use and, Whenapplying the same.

Preferably at the hook end ofbthe band there is arranged an interior pressure bar or enlargement 3 which may be formed as an integral part of the band as shown n Figs;

1 to 10;. and also in 15 and 16. or as an attachmcnt thereto asshown in Figs. 10*, 12,

18, 14, and 27. and the overlapping or multiple wrapping-of the band serves to force the button inward or toward the limb or object engaged witha force dependent upon; the tension applied to the band in wrapping.

and the number of. wrapsemployed. It

should be noted that as the wrapsare super posed they frictionally engage each other or adhere, so thatpractically all the longitudinally contractile tendency and force of the band is applied compressively upon the member, and thus there is little stress applied 'to the fastening members, and com-v parativelysimple and light meansmay be employed for the purpose. 7

It may be desirable to exert direct pressure on more than one point of the 'member to which the device is applied. For this purpose asecondary pressure bar-4 is provided which in Fig. 8 is integrally formed with the band 1. The inserted fabric 2, 2, inborn ncction with the saidbarserving to give firmness and rigidity to the same. The device with the secondary bar is shownin Fig. in

its applied position, while in Fig. I. it is shown inprocess of application.

In. Fig. 11. the fastening -member fi is.

shown in detail having the'cross portion 8 which lyingadjacent to the pressurev bar 3 tion in 1 the band, the upwardly extending maintains the hook in its longitudinal posi portion 9 passes'through the body. of the band while the forwardlyextending portion 10, carries the hook portion 11, overthe natural pressure of the rubber the downward force of the strainrupon'thefastening member.

In Figs. 8, 9,and 10 are shown the various stages inthe insertion of the fastening hook 5, into the band 1.v The hook portion 11 of the fastening member 5 is inserted through the band at the point 12 where an opening is provided through thereinforced portion cross pressufre bar 3 thus adding to the of the band 1 adjacent to the terminal pressure bar 3, the fabric insertion preventing the tearing or enlarging of the hole and thus providing a durable connection.

In Fig. 7 is shown a portion of the band 1 under tension the effect of the said stretching being to open a space between the, parallel members 14, and 14: thus Widening the median slot 6 so as readily to straddle the hook portion of the fastening member 5. The result of the production of the central space is to maintain a wider contact area between the band and the member to which it is applied. The extension of the slot 6 beyond the edge of the transverse reinforced portions as shown at 7 Fig. 6 ensures the strengthening of the band against tearing at this point when engaging the hook portion of the fastener. 5.

In Fig. 10 is shown the band 1 having the slots 6 and a modified form of pressure bar 8, in position,

Fig. 11 shows the modified form of pressure member 15 having the hook 16 integral therewith, while in Fig. 12 the device shown in Fig. 11 is shown in the first stage of insertion into the band 1, through the transverse slot 24, and in Fig. .13 the device is shown in place at the terminal of the band 1. Fig. 14 is a top plan view of the same showing the wide portion 17 of the hook which engages the transverse slot 24. in the band 1.

In Figs. 15 and 16 are shown the modified form of fastener 18 having the projecting prongs 19 which ass through the band 1, at the po nt 20. S fidably mounted upon the band 1 is the secondary pressure bar 4*. having the securing means 21 provided with the overlapping portions 22 and 22*, said means being secured to the bar in the groove 23, said device being shown in detail in Figs. 20, 21, 22, and 23.

Figs. 24:, 25, and 26 show a modified form of detachable combined pressure bar and hook 15 and 16 while Fig. 27 shows the device having the secondary bar integral therewith while the terminal ,portion is apertured at 24 and adapted to receive the pressure'bar and hook as shown in Figs. 25. and 26.

lVhile the device as disclosed is useful as an element of the operating room equipment, in being adapted for all the purposes contemplated by surgery in this connection, it is designed and peculiarly suited for first-aid and emergency application, in that it can be carried in compact form, and can be adjusted quickly and effectively by an unskilled operator either to himself or another. and with any required degree of compression, and owing to the cumulative effect of the multiple wraps or folds having a cooperative relation when applied, the band may be of comparatively light or torsionally weak construction or material, so as to provide for the application to the affected member any desired compressive force between widely different extremes.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A tourniquet consisting of a flexible contraotileband capable of being wrapped under tension one or more times around a member and having an interior'integral surface bar for conveying localized pressure.

2. A tourniquet consisting of a rubber band having an interior integral surface bar, and means for fastening'the free end after wrapping around a member.

3. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band having an integral pressure bar and a fastening device of which complementary 'members are carried by overlapping portions of the band.

4. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band adapted for application in a plurality of wraps about a member and having a transverse terminal pressure bar and fats tening device, the band having an intermediate opening to receive and expose the member carried by the overwrapped terminal.

5. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided at its terminal with a fas tening member and intermediately slotted at intervals to straddle the said member. v

6. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided at its terminal with a pressure bar and fastening member and intermediately slotted to straddle'the said member, and having transverse strengthened portions at intervals throughout its length,

7. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided at one of its terminals with a pressure bar-and a fastening member and intermediately slotted at intervals to straddle the said fastening member, said slots terminating in fabric strengthened portions of the band.

8. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided at one of its terminals with a pressure bar and fastening device, intermediately slotted at intervals to straddle the said fastening memberand having at the free terminal and intermediate points embedded fabric portions adapted to engage the projecting portion of the said fastening member.

9. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided at its terminals with complementary fastening members and intermediately slotted to straddle one of said members, and a stop for holding successive wraps in coextensive relation.

10. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided with a terminal transverse pressure bar and complementary fastening members one of which is located adjacent t the said bar.

its

I 11, A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided with a pressureb-ar and; complementary [fastening members one of which consists of a hook disposed to com .municate pressure to the said bar.

12. Atourniquet consisting of an elastic; band. provided with terminal complementary fastening members one ofwhichis an out ward projection, the band being'longitudi- W nally split to straddle said projecting mem; ber and having an intermediate cross-piece to engage the same. 1

13. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band provided with reinforced terminal mi areas having complementary fastening members,and longitudinally slitted at intervals between the said areas to straddle .the .fasteningmember atone end. v

14. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic 29 band reinforced. at terminal and intermedi ate points and slitted longitudinally between the reinforced areas, and complementary fastening evices located at the terminalreinforced areas. I V p 2.5 15. Atourniquet consisting of an elastic band adapted for plural ply arrangement in successive superposed cooperatively related wraps, and a removable hookjadjacent to one terminal of thesame.

16, A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band arranged in successively applicable, coextensively superposed cooperatively related wraps or folds.

' 17. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic 5 band divided longitudinally at intervals to form parallel cooperating elements and adapted for arrangement in superposed C0? operatively related wraps, and terminal complementary fas'tening members for engagementin a plane between said elements. 7 18. A tourniquet consisiting of an elastic} band provided at its terminal witha pressure bar and ;a fastenin'gmember and 1n-- termediatelyslotted at intervals to straddle the said member, and havinga secondary pressure bar carried I the band.

19. A tourniquet consisting of an elastic band having a terminal pressure barf and a fastening member 1 adjacent thereto, and in- W termediat'ely slotted ail-intervals to straddle member, andhavingaplurality of adjustablyrelated interior pressure bars carried by the said band.

' 21. A tourniquent consisting ofanelastic band provided with a terminal pressure, bar integral therewith a secondary. pressure bar carried by the band adjustably related] to the terminal bar, "and. fasteningf means adapted to communicate pressure to the said bars- 1 22. A tourniquet consisting;- of an elastic hand, provided with a terminalpressure-bar and. fasten ng member, and having 'stren'gthening cross bars of fab-rid intervals, adapted to maintain junder pressure, the

normal width of'thband. V I

23; A tourniquet consisting of an ensue band provided with a terminaltransverse I pressure-bar and fastening means and having longitudinal. slots tO expose the fastening means, and iaPseoo-ndary' pressure-bar carried by the. hand. j

,7 24. A tourniquet-consisting of an elastic band, longitudinally slotted at intervals,

having transverse strengthenedportions between the slots, andprovided with a terminal fastening device adapted. to engage the transverse strengthened portions.

25. A tourniquet consisting of an band interme diately slotted at intervals, said slots terminating. in strengthened' portions and a fastening device terminally located,

and adapted to project through the slots to.

engage the free end of the band.

26.-A tourniquet consistingof a band intermediately slottedatintervals anda fastening 27. 'A'tourniqut consisting of an elastic elastic v device .terminallylocated, ,.and adapted to project through the slotsand engage the free endof the band.

hand, provided with slots and strengthened portions at intervals,.'.and having a terminal: pressure bar; and fastening device,

carried by. the hand .1; ALBEnr nunisnnnnnnsou, 

